What Does a Certified Nursing Assistant Do?
Certified nursing assistants provide hands-on patient care under the supervision of registered nurses and licensed practical nurses. They assist patients with daily activities, measure vital signs, and ensure patient comfort in hospitals, nursing homes, and long-term care facilities. CNAs are often the primary caregivers who spend the most direct time with patients.
Certified Nursing Assistant Duties and Responsibilities
The primary responsibilities of a certified nursing assistant include:
- Assist patients with bathing, dressing, eating, and other activities of daily living while preserving their dignity.
- Measure and record vital signs including temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiration rates.
- Turn and reposition bedridden patients regularly to prevent pressure ulcers and promote comfort.
- Respond promptly to patient call lights and communicate patient needs to nursing staff.
- Help patients with ambulation and transfers using wheelchairs, walkers, and mechanical lifts.
- Serve meals, assist with feeding, and record food and fluid intake and output.
- Collect specimens for laboratory testing including urine, stool, and sputum samples.
- Change bed linens, maintain clean patient rooms, and ensure a safe environment.
- Observe and report any physical, mental, or emotional changes in patient condition to supervising nurses.
- Assist nursing staff with admissions, discharges, and routine medical procedures.
Required Skills and Qualifications
To succeed as a certified nursing assistant, you will need the following skills and qualifications:
- Basic patient care and hygiene
- Vital signs measurement
- Safe patient handling techniques
- Observation and reporting
- Compassion and patience
- Infection control practices
- Communication with care teams
- Physical stamina and endurance
Education and Training
Certified nursing assistants must complete a state-approved CNA training program, typically lasting four to twelve weeks and including classroom instruction and supervised clinical practice. Training covers topics such as patient rights, body mechanics, infection control, and basic nursing skills. After completing the program, candidates must pass a state competency exam consisting of a written (or oral) knowledge test and a skills evaluation. CNAs must be listed on their state nurse aide registry to work in certified healthcare facilities. Many CNAs use the position as a stepping stone to nursing careers.
Salary and Job Outlook
Average Salary: $28,000 - $38,000 per year
Employment of certified nursing assistants is expected to grow 4% over the next decade. The aging population will continue to drive demand for CNAs in nursing homes, assisted living facilities, and home health agencies. While the occupation has high turnover, it also provides consistent entry-level opportunities for individuals interested in healthcare careers. CNAs who demonstrate reliability and pursue additional training or nursing education will find the best advancement opportunities.