What Does a Roofer Do?
Roofers install, repair, and replace roofing systems on residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. They work with various materials including shingles, metal, single-ply membranes, and built-up roofing to protect buildings from weather. This physically demanding trade requires working at heights in varying weather conditions.
Roofer Duties and Responsibilities
The primary responsibilities of a roofer include:
- Install roofing materials including asphalt shingles, metal panels, TPO, EPDM, and modified bitumen.
- Remove old roofing materials and prepare roof surfaces for new installations.
- Apply underlayment, ice and water shield, and vapor barriers as specified.
- Install flashing around chimneys, vents, skylights, and roof edges to prevent leaks.
- Cut roofing materials to fit using hand and power tools.
- Inspect roofs to identify leaks, damage, and areas requiring repair or replacement.
- Apply sealants, coatings, and adhesives as part of waterproofing systems.
- Set up scaffolding, ladders, and fall protection systems for safe access.
- Maintain tools and equipment in clean and functional condition.
- Follow all safety procedures including fall protection requirements and hot material handling.
Required Skills and Qualifications
To succeed as a roofer, you will need the following skills and qualifications:
- Roofing material installation (multiple types)
- Flashing and waterproofing techniques
- Fall protection and height safety
- Hand and power tool proficiency
- Physical fitness for demanding outdoor work
- Blueprint and specification reading
- Measurement and layout
- Weather awareness and scheduling
Education and Training
Most roofers learn through on-the-job training, starting as helpers and progressing to journey-level work over two to four years. Some enter through formal apprenticeship programs offered by unions or contractor associations that combine paid work with classroom instruction in safety, materials, and roofing techniques. A high school diploma or GED is typically required. OSHA 10-Hour Construction certification is standard, and many employers require specific fall protection training. Manufacturer certifications for specific roofing systems (such as GAF, CertainTeed, or single-ply membrane manufacturers) demonstrate specialized installation competency.
Salary and Job Outlook
Average Salary: $35,000 - $60,000 per year
Roofers are consistently in demand for both new construction and reroofing of existing buildings. Severe weather events that damage roofs create additional work surges in affected regions. The physically demanding nature of the work and outdoor exposure contribute to workforce turnover, keeping openings available for new workers. Experienced roofers who specialize in commercial or industrial systems can earn significantly more than residential roofers. Career advancement includes crew leader, estimator, project manager, or roofing contractor business owner.